Oil burner



T. B. FERGUSON OIL BURNER Filed April 13, 1.935 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 '0 N 36366 i I 1 a I V Z//;/ 45 v; I 64 j1- 59 i 5 41. I

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T. B. FERGUSON.

Oct. 26 1926. 1,604,638

0 1L BURNER Filed April 13, 1925 Q 4 Sheets-Sheet :5

Oct. 26 1926.

T. B. FERGUSON OIL BURNER Filed April 13, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patentedon teas FATE? THOMAS E. FERGUSON, 013 ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

OIL BURNER.

Application fiieaa rn 13, 1925. Serial No. 22,540.

This invention relates to improvements in an oil burner of a typeadaptable for use in furnaces, and so arranged as to be readily andconveniently inserted in any style of fire box of a standard heatingfurnace now on the market.

One of the objects of my invention is to construct a burner, its partsso positioned as to form several air passages for directing the airagainst the flame and mix therewith in order to obtain a perfectcombustion and secure the proper degree of heat by consuming allparticles of combustible material and dispensing with carbon which iscommon in the ordinary oil burners.

Another object of my invention is to construct a burner consisting of abase section, a supporting ring connected thereto and to which areattached standards for supporting the burner in a furnace, a burner panprovided with a plurality of vertical air ducts, and a centrally locatedfrustoconical exten sion with an opening in its apex, a fuel spreaderplaced in the pan and separated from the pan forming an air passage, a

manifold set over the ducts of the pan for dlrectmg air through acentral ELlI dlSClldlgG opening over the spreader, a manifold coverplaced over the manifold and so constructed as to form an air passagebetween the cover and outer surface of the manifold for directingsuperheated air through a centrally located pipe carried by the manifoldand directing the air immediately over the fuel inlet orifice, and alever mechanism connected to the fuel feed pipe by which the spreadermay be shifted horizontally to' equalize the space between the pan andspreader.

In conjunction with'the parts above described I equip theburner with aflame shield for saddling the flame and directing it to the outerperiphery of the burner and a flame deflector all around the burner fordeflecting the flame against the sides of the fire box.

manner and mixed with the gaseous vapor to produce a proper flammablemixture con suming all particles of combustible material producing anintense heat clean from. carbon.

The arrangementof the manifold is such that the air is admitted from thebottom of the burner and discharged evenly over the spreader, and inaddition thereto air is al so directed from the top of the manifold downto and immediately over the inlet pipe through which the fuelis admittedto the spreader, this air is superheated by the heated manifold as theair passes between the outer surface of said manifold and the innersurface of the manifold covering.

Again by the use of the winged spreader the air passing betweenthebottom of the pan and spreader causes the flame to consume allparticles of combustible material and direct the flame toward theperiphery of the burner. i

Referring to the drawings Figure 1, is a top plan View of my completeburner with parts broken away and in section. j r

Figure 2, is a central vertical sectional View of the same.

Figure 3, is a top plan view of the burner with the manifold, flameshields, and flame deflector removed, and a part ofthe spreader platebroken away.

- Figure 4, is a central vertical sectional new of the same.

Figure 5, is a detail top plan view of the burner base.

Figure 6, is'a central vertical sectional view of the same. t

Figure 7, is a detail top plan view of the burner pan. j

Figure 8, is a detail top plan view of the spreader plate.

Figure 9, is a central vertical sectional view of the same.

Figure 10, is a detail bottom plan View of the manifold.

Figure 11, is a top plan view of the same. Figure 12, is a perspectiveview. of the manifold cover. V

Figure 13, is a detail perspective view of the lever mechanism by whichthe feed By the arrangement of the various air ducts and passages the ai1s dlrected in such pipe and spreader plate can be adjusted in properhorizontal position in the-pan.

Figure 14, is a detail perspective view of one of the legs orstandardsmade use of by which the assembled burner is supported in thefire box of a furnace,

Figure 15, is a detail perspective view of one of the flame shields forsaddling the flame in the pan.

In the general construction of my invention I provide a base portionhaving a bottom flange 21 which has projecting cars 22 and by which thebase is securely attached to a supporting ring23 by means of bolts 24 orthe like. j

The flange 21 is also provided with cut out portions 25 in which areseated the top portions of the legs or standards 26' connected to thesupporting ring 23 by bolts or the like.

The topof the base portion 20 has an inwardly extending flange 27 theupper surface provided with a double head or circir larboss 28 forming asupporting recess 29 for the reception of the bottom edge of the burnerpan-30.

The burner pan consists of a cylindrical casing 31 provided with abottom 32, the center portion of the bottom formed into a conicalprojection 33' having in its apex an 1 opening 34 through which air maypass and also permit the feed pipe 35 to be properly centered relativeto the burner.

The pan is also provided with'air ducts 36 formed by the casing 37, andeach casingis provided with a flange 38 for the support of the manifold.I

In the conicalportion of the pan is a depressed portion 39 in which isseated an overflow pipe 40 which will drain off any and all superfluousoil from thepan.

In the pan I place aspreader 41 comprising a conical center portion 42its upper surface provided with grooves 43- for the reception of thefuel, and these grooves are connected by cross grooves 44 to permit thefuel to pass from one groove to the other. Integral with the conicalportion are wings 45 consisting of a horizontal portion 46, verticalwalls 47 and a projecting flange 48, these wings are arranged to fitbetween the casings37 of the panand are somewhat smaller so that theycan be slightly shifted in position for equal adjustment.

On the bottom of the horizontal portions .46 of the wings I place ribs49 which rest on the bottom of the pan and space the spreader soas toform an air passage 50'between the spreader and pan, and the air as itcirculates. from the bottom through the opening 34 follows the passagebetween the spreader and pan and up through the passage 51 between thewalls of the two and out at the edge 52 thus mixing with the flame-as itpasses over the edge of the burner.

In the apex of the conical portion of the spreader is anopening, 53 inwhich is inserted the fuel inlet pipe 35' and by which.

thefuelisfed to the burner fromthe source of supply. I

The pipe 35 is provided with a collar 54 connected to an arm or lever55, one end of the lever having an elongated slot 56 at which point thelever is attached to the bottom of the base portion 20, and by means ofthe lever the pipe together with the spreader to which it is attachedmay be slidably shifted in either direction horizontally so as to bringthe spreader in proper relation with the interior of the pan, thusregulating the flame to spread equally from all sides of the burner.

On top of the ducts 36 of the pan I place a manifold 57 which in thisinstance consists preferably of three branches each leading to a centerdischarge opening. 58 and which extends downwardly to agrea'sonabledistance above the spreader. The air passing up from the base throughthe ducts 36 through the branches and down through the discharge openingdirectly over the flame on the spreader cone.

The upper surface of the manifold is provided with ribs 59., and in' thecenter of the manifoldis ail-opening 60 in which is seated apipe 61acting as an air duct for directing air of superheated nature directlyover the fuel feed orifice to provide a proper mixture to the fuel.

On the top of the manifold I place a cover 62 which fits snugly over theouter surface of the manifold and by means of the ribs 59 is separatedforming-an air space 63 for directing the air to the pipe 61. The bottombulged ends 64 ofthe cover being so shaped as to fit into the flangedsections 65 of the base portion and covering the air ports 66 and whichcompletes the passage 63 from the bottom of the burner.-

These bottom ends 64 may be formed integral with the cover or separateand divided on the line shown in Figure 12, this is to prevent thewarping of the material.

When the fuel is fed to the burner and ignited it intermingles or mixeswith the air, first by the air admitted from the bottom through themanifold and directed centrally over the spreader, alsoby superheatedair admitted from the bottom over the manifold and directed againstthefuel inlet, and

the flame is properly spread by the air current passing between theburner panand spreader discharging at the upper edge shaping the flameinto a flaring fashion.

The flame as it is directed outwardly is prevented from shootingupwardly by the flame shields 67 seated on each wing of the spreader,these shields act asa housing and direct the flame over the upper outeredge of the wings, and in order to further deflect the flame outwardly,I place on the burner base a flame deflector 68 which runs all aroundthe burner and is supported on suitable supports 69.

This deflector is set on-anangle as shown to direct the flame as near aspossible to the walls of the fire box thus preventing the flame frompassing directly upwardly from the pan.

The direction and position of the flame is clearly illustrated in Figure2.

Having fully described my invention what I claim is. r

1. An oil burner comprising a supporting base, a burner pan locatedthereon, said pan having an integral centrally located frusto conicalextension, a spreader located in the pan and separated therefrom formingan air passage between the pan and spreader, said spreader having wingsfor directing the air to the upper edge of the pan, a manifold supportedon the pan, and a manifold covering placed over the manifold forming anair passage between the outer surface of said manifold and the covering,directing the air to a central discharge above and over the frustoconical extension.

2. An oil burner of the character describedcomprising a base section, arim to which the same 13 connected, standards for supportmg the same, aburner pan detachably mounted on the base, a plurality of extensionsformed on the pan, the bottom of said pan having a central frustoconical extension, a winged spreader located in the pan, said spreaderhaving lugs for separating the spreader from the bottom of the panforming an air passage, a fuel supply pipe connected to the spreader, alever mechanism connected to the pipe whereby the spreader may beshifted for regulating the spread of the flame, a manifold placed on thepan, and a manifold cover placed ov-erthe manifold, substantially asspecified.

3. An oil burner comprising a base, a burner pan positioned thereon, awinged spreader positioned in the pan, a manifold supported on the pan,a manifold cover placed over the manifold, all of said parts whenassembled forming various air passages, one passage between the pan andspreader terminating at the upper outer edge of the pan, one passagethrough the manifold directing air from the bottom to a centraldischarge abovethe spreader, and one pasinlet, all directing the air insuch manner as to mix with the particles of combustible materialcreating a sootless flame.

4. A burner of the character described comprising a base with a centralopening at its top, a burner pan located on the top of said base, saidpan having vertical hollow ex tensions which act as air ducts, acentrally located frusto conical extension with an opening in its apexforming part of the bottom of the pan, a grooved conical shaped spreaderlocated above the pans bottom, wings radiating from the center andforming a part of said spreader and arranged to form an air passagebetween the pan and spreader, a fuel supply pipe leading upwardly andconnected to the spreader, a manifold positioned on the hollowextensions of the pan, said manifold directing the air to a centraldischarge opening above the spreader, a pipe positioned in the manifoldsdischarge opening forming an air passage from the outside of themanifold for directing heated air directly against the fuel supply, anda manifold cover located over the manifold forming an air passagebetween the In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand.

THOMAS B. FERGUSON.

